Automotive design - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Automotive design is the profession involved in the development of the appearance, and to some extent the ergonomics, of motor vehicles or more specifically road vehicles. This most commonly refers to automobiles but also refers to motorcycles, trucks, buses, coaches, and vans. The functional design and development of a modern motor vehicle is typically done by a large team from many different disciplines included within automotive engineering. Automotive design in this context is primarily concerned with developing the visual appearance or aesthetics of the vehicle, though it is also involved in the creation of the product concept. Automotive design is practiced by designers who usually have an art background and a degree in industrial design or transportation design. Design elements. In the Background are some concept sketches. Draft of OScar design proposal. A futuristic original sketch for Ferrari Modulo 5. S by Paul Martin in 1. There are already many features of the final concept, including the reduced height, wheels coved for low drag and the characteristic entry system. The Mechanical Design Process, 4/e. Ullman, Oregon State University. The fourth edition of The Mechanical Design Process combines a practical overview of the design process with case material and real-life.The task of the design team is usually split into three main aspects: exterior design, interior design, and color and trim design. Graphic design is also an aspect of automotive design; this is generally shared amongst the design team as the lead designer sees fit. Design focuses not only on the isolated outer shape of automobile parts, but concentrates on the combination of form and function, starting from the vehicle package. The aesthetic value will need to correspond to ergonomic functionality and utility features as well. In particular, vehicular electronic components and parts will give more challenges to automotive designers who are required to update on the latest information and knowledge associated with emerging vehicular gadgetry, particularly dashtop mobile devices, like GPS navigation, satellite radio, HD radio, mobile TV, MP3 players, video playback, and smartphone interfaces. Though not all the new vehicular gadgets are to be designated as factory standard items, some of them may be integral to determining the future course of any specific vehicular models. Our proven service design process leverages input from key stakeholders and real world observation to optimize service processes. A collection of resources, technical papers, articles and links about car body design and development. So you want to be a design thinker? A Reference Guide for everyone showing how a product can come to life using design thinking! Accelerating the automotive design process Aston Martin passionately pursues design excellence through investment in. The resulting 2D sketch can be imported. Teaching Front End Engineering Design (FEED) Richard Devon & Kathryn Jablokow. Abstract In this paper, we reshape the design process for teaching into two fundamental stages: developing the problem and developing the solution. Exterior design. Exterior design is first done by a series of digital or manual drawings. Progressively, drawings that are more detailed are executed and approved by appropriate layers of management. Clay (industrial plasticine) and or digital models are developed from, and along with the drawings. The data from these models are then used to create a full sized mock- up of the final design (body in white). With three- and five- axis CNC milling machines, the clay model is first designed in a computer program and then . Even in times of high- class 3d software and virtual models on power walls, the clay model is still the most important tool to evaluate the design of a car and therefore used throughout the industry. Interior design. Here the emphasis is on ergonomics and the comfort of the passengers. The procedure here is the same as with exterior design (sketch, digital model and clay model). Color and trim design. These include paints, plastics, fabric designs, leather, grains, carpet, headliner, wood trim, and so on. Color, contrast, texture, and pattern must be carefully combined to give the vehicle a unique interior environment experience. Designers work closely with the exterior and interior designers. Designers draw inspiration from other design disciplines such as: industrial design, fashion, home furnishing, architecture, and sometimes product design. Specific research is done into global trends to design for projects two to three model years in the future. Trend boards are created from this research in order to keep track of design influences as they relate to the automotive industry. The designer then uses this information to develop themes and concepts that are then further refined and tested on the vehicle models. Graphic design. During the development process succeeding phases will require the 3. D model fully developed to meet the aesthetic requirements of a designer and well as all engineering and manufacturing requirements. The fully developed CAS digital model will be re- developed for manufacturing meeting the Class- A surface standards that involves both technical as well as aesthetics. This data will be further developed by Product Engineering team. These modelers usually have a background in Industrial design or sometimes tooling engineering in case of some Class- A modelers. Autodesk Alias and ICEM Surf are the two most widely used software tools for Class- A development. Development process. From mid- phase, back and forth interactions between the designers and product engineers culminates into a finished product be manufacturing ready. Apart from this the Engineering team parallelly works in the following areas. Product Engineering (Body In White Sheetmetal Design and Plastic engineering), NVH Development team, Prototype development, Powertrain engineering, Physical Vehicle validation, Tool and Die development and Manufacturing process design. Development team. In some cases all three roles are done by one designer. Several junior designers are involved in the development process as well who make specific contributions all overseen by the chief designer. Apart from this the Color and trim designer works closely with other designers. The Clay model team and Digital model team works closely with the styling team all located within the studio. Apart from this there would be studio head, studio managers and prototype engineers who would work across all teams in the studio. The total team size for developing a full sedan usually ranges from 2. Thereafter a smaller team would be working until vehicle launch. Components. Its main components are the clutch, gearbox, final drive, and differential. Suspension system, which is used to connect the wheels to the body or chassis frame. Steering. Brakes. Electrical equipment. The chassis is complete in itself as a road vehicle. It can drive and control itself just as in case of a complete car and therefore, in many motor works, the chassis is usually tested on the road before the complete body of the vehicle is attached as the chassis alone can behave as the propulsion means. To maintain unit sales, General Motors head Alfred P. Sloan preferred the term . This strategy had far- reaching effects on the auto business, the field of product design, and eventually the American economy. The smaller automakers could not maintain the pace and expense of yearly re- styling. Henry Ford did not like the model- year change because he clung to an engineer's notions of simplicity, economics of scale, and design integrity. GM surpassed Ford's sales in 1. The frequent design changes also made it necessary to use a body- on- frame rather than the lighter but less adaptable monocoque design used by most European automakers. Some U. S. However, inadequate consumer acceptance of the advanced appearance of the cars forced a re- design of succeeding models of the Airflow. This marketing experience made the entire industry take note of the high risks involved in incorporating major design advancements into their production cars. A major influence on American auto styling and marketing was Harley Earl. Another notable designer was Chrysler group's designer Virgil Exner, who developed the Forward look design in the mid- 1. Exner is also credited with using wind tunnel testing to justify incorporating tailfins, thus moving the company away from boxy- looking cars into more aerodynamic and futuristic designs. Raymond Loewy was responsible for a number of Studebaker vehicles, including the Starlight (including the bullet- nose). Starting in the 1. Richard A. Teague, who spent most of his career with American Motors Corporation (AMC), originated the concept of using interchangeable body panels so as to create a wide array of different vehicles using the same stampings, starting with the AMC Cavalier. The Ford Mustang achieved record sales in its first year of production and established the pony car segment. Personal injury litigation has had an effect on the design and appearance of the car in the 2. Later, luxury and aesthetics became a demand and also an effective marketing tool. Designs from each nation with its own strong cultural identity, reflected in their exterior and interior designs. World War II slowed the progress, but after the early- 1. Italian designers set the trend and remained the driving force until the early part of the 1. In France notable designs came from Bugatti and Avions Voisin. Of the mass selling cars Citro. During the 1. 98. Renault cultivated their own strong design identities with designers like Patrick Le Quement. Peugeot, which was dependent on Pininfarina since early post- war period, later established its own brand identity from the 1. Its other company, Citro. During that era there were more British- based automakers than in the rest of Europe combined. The British automobile industry catered to all segments ranging from compact, budget, sports, utility, and luxury- type cars. Car design in Britain was markedly different from other European designs largely because British designers were not influenced by other European art or design movements, as well as the British clay modelers used a different sweep set. British cars until World War II were sold in most of the British colonies. Innovations in vehicle packaging and chassis engineering combined with global familiarity with British designs meant vehicles were acceptable to public tastes at that time. British skilled resources like panel beaters, die machinists, and clay modelers were also available also partly due their involvement with motorsport industry. Still during the 1. British manufacturers sought professional help from the Italians, such as Giovanni Michelotti, Ercole Spada, and Pininfarina.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
December 2016
Categories |